Breast Cancer

The cause of most breast cancers is still a mystery, however researches have discovered that mutations in particular genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, cause some cancers. Women who inherit the mutation tend to get cancer early in life and in both breasts. Men with BRCA1 have an increased risk of prostate cancer, while BRCA2 increases the likelihood of cancers in the male breast, prostate, pancreas, and elsewhere.

Treatment
Treatment depends on the stage of cancer and can be done with radiation, chemotherapy and / or surgery. Often it is necessary to perform a mastectomy on the affected sinus.
Prevention
In 1990 in Brazil only 8% of women over 40 have mammograms by SUS (System that meets 70% of Brazilians). In Cancer Hospital I of the National Cancer Institute (INCA1), in 1998, only 44.8% of women were diagnosed at stage III and 16.3% in stage IV. Only 6.3% were his diagnosis in stages 0 or I.
The susceptibility to breast cancer occurs by both paternal as maternal inheritance, and the risk increases with the number of affected individuals in the family. Carcinoma is more common in women who are overweight and because fatty diets increase the presence of bacteria capable of converting cholesterol and estrogen.
In case of suspicion or annually after age 40 a mammogram should be done, however, in Brazil, more than 75% of mammography clinics are private, restricted only to those who have health insurance or can afford to pay the exam. The difficulty in performing mammography and delay in hospital care discourages many women to do preventive diagnostics.
In case of high-risk patients (Cases in the family, high female hormones and genes BRCA1 and / or BRCA2), the Cancer Genetics Consortium (CGSC) can do a mastectomy and ovaries removed preemptively.