Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer or endometrial currently is considered the sixth malignancy woman, overcome by cancers of the cervix, skin, breast, colon and stomach. Of all tumors of the female genitalia, 11% are of the uterine corpus and of these, 90% are represented by endometrial cancer. Its incidence is between 55 and 65 years of age and their appearance is more common in white women, obese, postmenopausal, low parity and late menopause.
Are considered risk factors for endometrial carcinoma:
Exogenous estrogens
Endogenous estrogens
Nulliparity
High-fat diet
Obesity
Diabetes
Hypertension
Tamoxifen therapy
The persistent estrogenic action is the key factor in the genesis of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, becoming more evident and dangerous postmenopausal because at this stage, estrogen stimulates endometrial proliferative action without the opposition of progesterone. Endometrial hyperplasia is a consequence of the imbalance estrogen-progestínico endogenous or exogenous and increased receptivity of the endometrium for these steroids. There is evidence that adenocarcinoma is frequently followed or associated with hyperplasia, atypical particularly, though the number of women with hyperplasia progresses to endometrial cancer is low, ranging from 15 to 30%.
Treatment
The treatment of patients with endometrial cancer and include surgery is the removal of the uterus and ovaries, in some cases lifadenectomia pelvic is performed. Patients with contraindications for surgery are treated with radiotherapy. In more advanced cases, chemotherapy and progestogenioterapia have been employed.
Prevention
The endometrium is the lining of the uterus inside. Is he that develops and evolves in the menstrual cycle, leading to bleeding that occurs during menstruation. The uterus is located in the lower abdomen, in the small pelvis, near the bladder and opens into the vagina through the cervix. Although the uterus be formed of other parts such as the muscle and its outer covering outside the uterus, the endometrium is the most commonly portion thereof which can undergo transformations which, in turn, can become a cancer.
Tumors that grow in the uterus can be benign (fibroids) or malignant. Malignant tumors have a disordered cell growth and have the capacity to spread to other parts of the body (metastasis).
Endometrial cancer, like most cancers, have identifiable risk factors (for more information on risk factors for this cancer, read the article "Early Detection of Cancer Uterus".
Some of these risk factors are modifiable, meaning you can change the exposure each person has to that particular factor, decreasing their chance of developing this cancer.
There are also protective factors. That is, factors that, if the person is exposed, your chance of developing this cancer decreases. Among these protective factors there are those who can modify, exposing themselves more to them.
Risk factors and protective for uterine cancer more known and that can be modified are:
 
 Diet
People who eat foods rich in saturated fats and animal (meat, butter, whole milk, cheese, cream, lard, bacon, sour cream, sausage, salami, ham, fried, chicken skin, beef fat), are more likely to develop this type of cancer. Obese women are more likely to develop uterine cancer. Staying within the ideal weight range (see calculation of BMI on this site) and eat low-fat diet decreases the chances of developing this cancer.
 Gynecological history
Women who menstruated for the first time very early (before age 12) and came too late menopause (after age 50) are longer exposed to natural sources of estrogen. This hormone is associated with this type of tumor. Soon, the longer exposed to it more likely to develop endometrial cancer.
Women who have never had children are also at increased risk for this cancer. Probably for the same reason as before, greater exposure to the hormone estrogen. Therefore, women who have these traits often must do pelvic exams and ultrasounds to monitor changes early in utero frequently.
The interval between examinations and the other depends on the outcome of the previous test and the presence of other risk factors. Talk to your doctor about which the range needed to do this test in your particular case.
 Family history
There are several diseases that are associated with that type of tumor. Women from families who have a genetic abnormality known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer have this increased risk. These women should do pelvic exams and ultrasounds to monitor the early changes in the uterus, frequently.
 Hormone Therapy
Women who use hormone replacement therapy to reduce the symptoms of menopause, or who use the medication Tamoxifen (a drug for people with breast cancer) are at increased risk for developing this type of tumor. Frequent gynecological examinations to detect early changes in the endometrium and make the necessary procedure to remove these altered areas, decrease the chances of developing this tumor. Often the complete withdrawal of the uterus is indicated.
 Oral Contraceptive
Taking birth control pills causes the woman is less exposed to high levels of endogenous estrogen (produced by herself). Thus its total exposure to such hormones is lower, which makes your risk for this type of tumor is also smaller. Using ACO decreases the chances of developing cancer of the uterus.