Eye Cancer

Eye cancers are rare. The ocular type of cancer most frequently in adults is malignant melanoma of the uvea, which includes the iris, blood vessels and muscle. Symptoms are loss of vision, flashes lights and see (scotomas) floating black spots crossing the field of view. The retinoblastoma, retina or cancer is the most common cancer in ocular children under five years. May occur alone or associated with other diseases.
Treatment
For many years, the standard treatment for cancer was ocular surgical removal of the eye. However, new treatments aim to control cancer and preserve the eye. The treatment chosen depends on the specific tumor type, size and location.
Over 90 percent of children with retinoblastoma may be cured because the cancer is usually limited to the eye. The clinical challenge is to focus the treatment so that it does not lead to blindness and other serious complications.
Radiotherapy. Many retinoblastomas and ocular melanomas may be treated with radiation so as to destroy cancer cells. Radiation therapy is equally effective as surgical removal of the eye and resulting quality of life is better because it preserves vision.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery. This type of radiation, which directs radiation beams accurately directly to the tumor can be effective in the treatment of small melanomas. This treatment has a relatively small risk of side effects.
Treatment with Laser. The laser treatments can be used to combat ocular melanomas and retinoblastomas.
Conventional treatment with laser uses a laser beam to warm kill cancer cells in the eye. Despite being quick and painless, often causes permanent impairment of vision.
Photodynamic therapy laser is more precise and less destructive to the vision. A light-sensitive substance is injected intravenously and then a low-intensity laser is directed into the eye with precision to destroy cancer cells without damaging healthy cells. The transpupillary thermotherapy using a hot applied laser beam through the pupil.
Cryotherapy. This process destroys cancer cells by freezing them using a cold probe. When the probe touches the outer wall of the eye, the freezing temperature passes through the wall of the eye and reaches the target region within it. Cryotherapy is used for some ocular melanoma and retinoblastoma.
Enucleation. This surgery is performed to remove the entire eyeball.
It is used to ocular melanoma and retinoblastoma too large to be handled differently.
Chemotherapy. Are sometimes prescribed drugs to combat cancer to be used while the surgery to prevent cancer metastasis to create eye or from spreading to other body tissues.
Prevention
Reducing sun exposure, especially for people who live in warm climates, helps prevent malignant melanoma. When outside in the middle of the day, wear a hat and sunglasses to protect from ultraviolet rays completely.
There is no known way to prevent retinoblastoma, but early diagnosis and treatment can limit the damage they cause. If there are other people in the family with retinoblastoma, all children should be examined by an ophthalmologist shortly after birth.