Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by an abnormal increase the sugar or glucose sangue.A Glucose is the main source of energy in the body but, when excessive, can bring about many health complications such as excessive sleep in the early stage , problems of fatigue and physical problems in tactical-perform the desired tasks. When left untreated, complications may occur such as heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, vision problems, leg amputation and injuries are difficult to heal, among other complications.

Although there is no definitive cure for / diabetes (the word can be both feminine and masculine), there are several treatments available that, when followed on a regular basis, provide health and quality of life for the patient.

Diabetes is a very common disease in the world, especially in North America and northern Europe, affecting about 7.6% of the adult population between 30 and 69 years and 0.3% of pregnant women. Changes in glucose tolerance are observed in 12% of adults and 7% of pregnant women. However it is estimated that about 50% of patients with diabetes are unaware of the diagnosis. According to international prominence with the rise of sedentary lifestyle, obesity and aging population the number of people with diabetes worldwide will increase by over 50%, from 380 million in 2025

Prevention

The risk of complications in both types of diabetes can be reduced with changes in diet and regular physical activity. Holders of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) should be without a rigid diet, physical activity at least 3 times a week and, when required and approved, to use remedies to avoid complicações.Atividades physical rigid diet and weight loss among risk groups decrease the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes by half.

The physical exercise has benefits such as better utilization of oxygen by the body, increase glucose uptake by muscle and increased cellular sensitivity to insulin from the first few weeks and it lasts as long as they are being regularly. With insulin being used more effectively with diabetes becomes smaller doses need to burn the extra glucose.

In individuals with pre-diabetes type 2, the use of low doses of rosiglitazone (2 mg) and metformin (500 mg) reduces by about 66% the risk of developing diabetes and causes few adverse effects.

Treatment

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, incurable by conventional treatments, and his medical emphasis must necessarily be on avoiding / managing problems possibly related to diabetes in the long or short term.

The treatment is based on five concepts:

• Awareness and education of the patient, without which there is no grip.

• Food and diet suitable for each type of diabetes and the patient's profile.

• Active life, more than just exercises.

• Medications:

• Oral hypoglycemic agents

• Insulin

• Monitoring of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin.

It is extremely important to patient education, monitoring your diet, exercise, monitor their own glucose levels, with the goal of maintaining glucose levels in the long and short term protection. Careful control is needed to reduce the risks of long-term complications.

This can be achieved with a combination of diet, exercise and weight loss (type 2), various oral diabetic drugs (type 2 only) and insulin use (type 1 and type 2 not responding to oral medication). Moreover, due to the high associated risk of cardiovascular disease must be made in lifestyle changes to control blood pressure and cholesterol, exercising more, smoking and consuming less suitable food for diabetics, and if necessary, taking medication for reducing the pressure.

The use of insulin pumps can help administer regular insulin, but is expensive when compared to common syringes. Other options include ascanetas insulin and insulin jet injectors.

Cure Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Surgery

A study by French doctors published in ScienceDirect, confirmed that doctors had ever seen, the stomach reduction surgery (gastroplasty) used in the treatment of morbid obesity helps to control type 2 diabetes, further study made by Francesco Rubino led to the creation of an intestinal surgery that has high efficiency in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in non-obese.