Cancer Hydatidiform mole

After the sperm fertilize the egg, develop new fabrics that will usually form the fetus and placenta. A molar pregnancy, also known as gestational trophoblastic disease, occurs when the tissue that is supposed to form the placenta grows abnormally and forms a tumor that may spread outside the uterus.
In a "full spring," not so normal fetal tissue. In a "spring partial", develop fetal tissues together with incomplete tissue hydatidiform mole. These two situations are not cancerous and constitute up to 80% of cases. However, there may be three forms of malignant trophoblastic disease, including pregnancy invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and the trophoblastic tumors of the insertion site of the placenta. Virtually all molar pregnancies, the same type of cancer can be cured.
Most molar pregnancies are not cancerous and are confined to the uterus (hidatiformes springs). In this type of spring, abnormal placental tissue has villi, clusters of tissue filled with fluid, which gives the appearance of a bunch of grapes. If a fetus begin to develop concurrently with a hydatidiform mole, this usually has many malformations and almost never comes in the form of baby alive.
A more aggressive tumor associated with molar pregnancies spring is invasive, also called corioadenoma destruens. The spring invasive contains many villi, but these may grow into or through the muscle layer of the uterine wall. Rarely, invasive moles can cause bleeding secondary to uterine perforation across its thickness. In 15% of cases, one mole invasive can spread to tissues outside the uterus.
Tissues gravidic may develop into a cancer called choriocarcinoma, although this is rare. Fifty percent of choriocarcinoma form during a molar pregnancy. Others form during a tubal pregnancy, or a pregnancy aborted a healthy pregnancy. The choriocarcinoma can cause persistent bleeding in the weeks or months after birth, but this happens very rarely (the most bleeding of this kind are not caused by a choriocarcinoma). The molar pregnancies associated with choriocarcinoma follow practically always springs complete and not partial springs.
All forms of molar pregnancy, including choriocarcinoma, are more common in women of African or Asian ethnicity.
Treatment
The results of diagnostic tests will help determine the treatment plan. The options for treatment almost always include surgery to remove the tumor. The most aggressive molar pregnancy may require chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy. About 85% of the springs hidatiformes can be treated without chemotherapy. Treatment options include:
• Dilation and curettage (D and C) - This is a surgical procedure used to remove the springs hidatiformes not cancerous. The opening of the cervix is ​​dilated and the lining of the uterus is scraped (curetted) and removed by suction and an instrument similar to a spoon.
• Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) - This surgery is rarely used to treat the springs hidatiformes but can be chosen, particularly if the woman does not want to get pregnant again.
• chemotherapy with a single drug - This treatment with a drug toxic to the tissue molar is used to treat the tumor in a molar pregnancy has characteristics suggesting a good prognosis.
• Chemotherapy with multiple drugs - treatment with several medications toxic to the molar tissue is usually necessary to treat invasive tumors with poor prognosis.
• Radiotherapy - This type of treatment uses X-ray beam of high intensity to destroy cancerous cells in extremely rare cases in which the tumor has spread (metastasized).
Prevention
Although any woman who becomes pregnant presents a certain risk of developing one of these unusual situations, the risk seems to be higher in pregnant women under the age of 20 years or above 40 years.
The best way to prevent complications of a spring or an invasive choriocarcinoma is to receive prenatal care routine by a qualified health professional so that problems can be identified as early as possible.