Ondine's curse

The bizarre name is a reference to Ondina, water nymph in European pagan mythology. The disease, even more awkward, makes the victims lose control of respiration.

If not careful, the guy simply forgets to breathe and eventually suffocated! The syndrome was discovered 30 years ago and now there are about 400 cases worldwide. Researchers Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, believe that the disease is related to a gene called THOX2B. The central nervous system is neglected in breathing during sleep and the patient needs to sleep with a fan in the face for not getting out of breath!

Cotard's

Extreme depression, in which the patient comes to believe that already died some years ago. He thinks he's a walking corpse, and all around you are also dead. In extreme cases, the guy says he can feel his rotting flesh and maggots strolling through the body ... In the final phase, the victim gets to sleep and your illusion can actually become reality. The name of the disease refers to the French doctor Jules Cotard, who first described it in 1880. Although depressive and sure is dead, the sick, paradoxically, can also present megalomaniacal ideas, such as the belief in his own immortality.

RILEY-DAY SYNDROME

If you ever dreamed of never feeling any pain, be careful what you ask ... The victims of this disease do not feel pain, but this is a big problem. They are more prone to accidents because they stop registering any warning of damage to body tissues, such as cuts or burns. The disease is caused by a mutation in the gene IKBKAP of chromosome 9 and was first described by doctors Milton Riley and Richard Lawrence Day Without warning danger that pain provides ordinary people, the majority of patients with the syndrome of Riley Day-tend to die young, before age 30 because of injury.

REDUCTION OF GENITAL SYNDROME

Also known as koro, this mental disorder leaves one convinced that their genitals are disappearing. Most cases have been reported so far in Asia or Africa, and in many of them the syndrome appears to be contagious! One of the strangest episodes occurred in Singapore in 1967, when the local health service recorded hundreds of cases of men who believed that their penis was fading. A single case of genital syndrome reduction was recorded in Brazil today at the Institute of Psychiatry at USP. Convinced that his penis was fading, the patient tried to kill himself with two stab wounds in the abdomen!

BLINDNESS EMOTIONAL

The expression "blind emotion" exists in practice, and can happen to any normal person. The problem was recently discovered by researchers at Yale University in the United States. After looking at some strong, mainly with pornographic content, most people lose sight for a short time - tenths of a second actually. So far, no expert could explain why this reaction. The discovery of emotional blindness gave rise to a movement in Congress to be banned all advertising with erotic appeal on major highways of the country.

SYNDROME OF ALICE IN WONDERLAND

Disease that causes distortions in visual perception of the victim, causing some nearby objects appear disproportionately tiny. The disorder was first described in 1955 by English psychiatrist John Todd, who named it in honor of the book by Lewis Carroll. In the book, the protagonist Alice sees things out of proportion, as if a "trip" caused by LSD. The victims of the syndrome also see distortions in the body, believing that part of it is changing shape or size.

FOREIGN ACCENT SYNDROME

After suffering a stroke or any other type of brain injury, the victims of this disorder begin to speak with a French accent ... or Italian ... or Spanish. The tongue will vary, but in most cases the victims are unaware of the new language. According to scientists, the pronunciation is not actually foreign, only gives the impression that. Researchers at the University of Oxford in England, believe that the symptom is caused by a trauma in areas of the brain responsible for language, causing changes in intonation, pronunciation and other speech features. A very recent case of the syndrome with the British accent rolled Lynda Walker last month. After a heart attack, Lynda woke talking with Jamaican accent.

Capgras syndrome

After suffering a disappointment with our spouse, parents or any other relative, the person comes to believe that they were abducted and replaced by impostors. The symptom sometimes turns against the victim: you look in the mirror, she also believes that seeing the image of a fake. Neurosis full! The problem tends to reach more people from the age of 40 and their causes are not yet known. The syndrome was discovered by the French psychiatrist Jean Marie Joseph Capgras, who first described it in 1923. In the most extreme degrees, the victim thinks that even inanimate objects like chairs, tables and books, were replaced with exact replicas.

STRANGE HAND SYNDROME

"My hand acted on his own ..." That excuse used by some miscreants may be true. Syndrome alien hand syndrome in question, in English makes one of the victim's hands seems to life itself. The problem mainly affects people with brain injuries or who have undergone surgery in the region. The hard part is that the patient does not pay attention to the silly hand until she does something stupid. The crazy hand is capable of complex actions, such as opening zippers ... The effects of lack of control over the hand can be reduced giving her any task, any task, such as holding an object.

PICA

This strange name also does not have anything pornographic: pica is derived from a Latin word whore, a type of pigeon eating anything. And pica syndrome, of course ... does just that: the person feels a compulsive appetite for inedible things like clay, stones, cigarette butts, paint, hair ... The problem affects most pregnant women and children. After eating a lot of junk involuntarily gluttons become calcified stone in estômago.Em 2004 French doctors treated a gentleman of 62 years who devoured currencies. Despite their efforts, he died. With about $ 600 in the stomach ...

Stockholm Syndrome

The Stockholm syndrome occurs in people who kidnapped, after the risk situation they went through, begin to nurture a certain kind of sympathy for their captors. There are also reported cases of this syndrome in women who catch their husbands, raped and abused children.

This disorder has earned its name after a bank robbery in Stockholm, Sweden, where the hostages, despite passing under the control of bandits day 23 to August 28, 1973, demanded that the police release them and refused to testify against .

Lima Syndrome

The opposite of Stockholm syndrome: in this case, the bad guys have extreme compassion for the victims.

Got its name after the crisis at the Japanese Embassy in Lima, Peru, from December 26, 1996 and April 22, 1997. The members of the Tupac Amaru took hostage the guests of a party hosted at the home of the Japanese ambassador in Peru. Among the hostages were diplomats, government and military.

After months of fruitless negotiations, the hostages were released by the Peruvian military, although one hostage was killed.

Diogenes Syndrome

Diogenes was a Greek philosopher who lived in a barrel preaching ideals of nihilism and animalism.

This syndrome is characterized by extreme neglect, trends reclusivas and compulsive hoarding, sometimes of animals. It is found mainly in older people and is associated with senility.

Paris Syndrome

It is a syndrome unique to Japanese who freak out when arriving in this city. Of the millions who visit Paris every year, about a dozen suffer this problem and needs to be taken back to Japan

This is primarily due to a major culture shock. Some tourists arriving in the city are unable to dissociate the utopian vision that has Paris as that seen in films like Amélie Poulain, the reality of a great metropolis.

If one of the syndrome is a waiter rude, for example, he is forced to save the anger for himself and ends up suffering a mental fatigue too great.

Stendhal Syndrome

This psychosomatic illness causes tachycardia, dizziness, confusion and even hallucinations in those who have and are exposed to the arts. The attacks occur especially if the art is beautiful or if there are many works gathered in one place.

This disorder is named in honor of the French writer Stendhal who described these feelings in a book after visiting Florence, Italy.

Jerusalem Syndrome

Jerusalem syndrome is the name given to a group of mental phenomena involving religion with obsessive ideas, delusions or other psychotic experiences triggered by (or leading to) a visit to Jerusalem. Is not unique to one religion, affecting both Jews and Christians.

This condition arises while the person is in Jerusalem and causes psychological delusions which tend to dissipate after a few weeks. All people who have already suffered this history of mental illness.

Capgras Delusion

The Capgras delusion is a rare disorder in which a person believes that an acquaintance, often the spouse or a close relative, was replaced by a lookalike identical.

It is more common in patients with schizophrenia, although it occurs in people with dementia or who have suffered some brain damage.

The paranoia induced by this disease has been used in several science fiction films such as Invasion of Soul, Total Recall and The Stepford Wives.

Delirium Fregoli

The opposite of the Capgras delusion. A person with this disorder believe that a complete stranger is actually a close acquaintance who changed appearance or is in disguise.

Gained its name from the Italian actor Leopoldo Fregoli, known for his ability to change his appearance during his performances.

It was first reported in 1927, when a 27 year old woman who believed she was being persecuted by two actors she often watched in the theater. She believed that these people were chasing her closely, taking the form of people she knew.

Cotard Delusion

This is a rare disorder in which the person believes to be dead, does not exist, be rotting or losing all the blood and vital organs. Rarely can include delusions of immortality.

It was named so because of Jules Cotard, French neurologist who first described the condition, calling it le délirie of négation, in a lecture in Paris in 1880.

Paramnesia reduplicative

The paramnesia reduplicative is the belief that a location has been doubled, and there are simultaneously two or more locations, or has been moved to somewhere else. For example, a person can not believe you're in the hospital where she was admitted, but at another hospital, identical to the first, but located elsewhere in the country.

Paramnesia reduplicatica The term was first used in 1903 by Czech neurologist Arnold Pick to describe the condition in which they found a patient with suspected Alzheimer's disease. This patient insisted that he had been transferred from the clinic to pick another clinic identical to his, but located in a suburban family. To explain the discrepancies, she claimed that Pick and his team worked in two locations.