Respiratory diseases are those affecting the tract and the organs of the respiratory system. The risk factors are smoking, pollution and occupational exposure to atmospheric pollutants, allergic conditions and diseases of the immune system, among others.
Globally, diseases that affect the respiratory system occupy the post of the third cause of death. Among the most common diseases that affect the respiratory system are: Bronchial, Pulmonary Diseases, Respiratory disorders, respiratory tract fistula, Chest Diseases, Disorders of ciliary motility; Nasal Diseases, Respiratory Hypersensitivity, Respiratory Infections, Diseases of the trachea; laryngopathies; Pleural Diseases; Abnormalities of the respiratory system, respiratory tract neoplasms. The lungs are organs that make up the respiratory system, responsible for gas exchange between the environment and the bloodstream. There are two bodies of pyramidal shape, which are the main organs of the respiratory system of humans.
The diseases most commonly seen affecting the lungs are:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema, asthma, lung cancer. Rhinitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease This is a chronic, progressive and irreversible that affects the lungs, presenting as main feature the destruction of many pulmonary alveoli and commitment of others. It is more common in males with age, and is also a frequent observation in individuals who have had tuberculosis.
The main factors leading to the onset of COPD are related to smoking, followed by second-hand smoke, exposure to dust for many years, environmental pollution and, in some cases, genetic factors.
According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 80 million people have moderate to severe COPD, In Brazil, this disease affects around 5.5 million people a year, according to the Brazilian Council of COPD.
Typically patients with COPD have both symptoms of chronic bronchitis as pulmonary emphysema. Thus, currently uses more COPD when the term refers to chronic bronchitis and emphysema, since normally they coexist in the same patient with airflow obstruction.
Chronic Bronchitis Chronic bronchitis is defined as an inflammation of the bronchi. Usually occurs after 20 to 30 years of exposure to bronchial irritants, such as tobacco, air pollution, among other sources. Their occurrence is more common in women than in men.
This condition can precede or accompany pulmonary emphysema.
This Pulmonary Emphysema is a chronic disease in which there is gradual destruction of lung tissues, passing these to become hyperinflated. Normally the etiology is the prolonged exposure to tobacco smoke or toxic chemicals.
Asthma Asthma, also known as asthma or asthmatic bronchitis, pulmonary disease is characterized by inflammation of the airways that leads to a reduction or even blockage of airflow. Its pathophysiology is linked to genetic and environmental factors, manifested by attacks of breathlessness.
In the United States, this disease leads to death approximately 5% of adults. Both admissions as deaths related to this disease has increased. In Brazil, within the SUS, asthma is the third leading cause of hospitalization, and in 2007 were registered 273,205 admissions for this disease in Brazil (2.41% of total admissions).
Lung Cancer Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and its incidence worldwide is increasing 2% every year. Mortality for this type of cancer is very high and the prognosis is related to the phase in which it is diagnosed.
The main risk factor for the onset of this neoplasm is smoking. Currently, the latter corresponds to 90% of cases of this tumor. It is most commonly seen in men than in women, yet the number of cases among women is increasing, while the number of cases is decreasing in men.
This neoplasm can also be caused by certain chemicals, such as arsenic, beryllium, asbestos, radon, nickel, chromium, cadmium and vinyl chloride, especially observed in the occupational environment. Other factors related to the appearance of this tumor are the dietary, genetic, history of COPD and lung cancer history in the family.
Globally, diseases that affect the respiratory system occupy the post of the third cause of death. Among the most common diseases that affect the respiratory system are: Bronchial, Pulmonary Diseases, Respiratory disorders, respiratory tract fistula, Chest Diseases, Disorders of ciliary motility; Nasal Diseases, Respiratory Hypersensitivity, Respiratory Infections, Diseases of the trachea; laryngopathies; Pleural Diseases; Abnormalities of the respiratory system, respiratory tract neoplasms. The lungs are organs that make up the respiratory system, responsible for gas exchange between the environment and the bloodstream. There are two bodies of pyramidal shape, which are the main organs of the respiratory system of humans.
The diseases most commonly seen affecting the lungs are:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema, asthma, lung cancer. Rhinitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease This is a chronic, progressive and irreversible that affects the lungs, presenting as main feature the destruction of many pulmonary alveoli and commitment of others. It is more common in males with age, and is also a frequent observation in individuals who have had tuberculosis.
The main factors leading to the onset of COPD are related to smoking, followed by second-hand smoke, exposure to dust for many years, environmental pollution and, in some cases, genetic factors.
According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 80 million people have moderate to severe COPD, In Brazil, this disease affects around 5.5 million people a year, according to the Brazilian Council of COPD.
Typically patients with COPD have both symptoms of chronic bronchitis as pulmonary emphysema. Thus, currently uses more COPD when the term refers to chronic bronchitis and emphysema, since normally they coexist in the same patient with airflow obstruction.
Chronic Bronchitis Chronic bronchitis is defined as an inflammation of the bronchi. Usually occurs after 20 to 30 years of exposure to bronchial irritants, such as tobacco, air pollution, among other sources. Their occurrence is more common in women than in men.
This condition can precede or accompany pulmonary emphysema.
This Pulmonary Emphysema is a chronic disease in which there is gradual destruction of lung tissues, passing these to become hyperinflated. Normally the etiology is the prolonged exposure to tobacco smoke or toxic chemicals.
Asthma Asthma, also known as asthma or asthmatic bronchitis, pulmonary disease is characterized by inflammation of the airways that leads to a reduction or even blockage of airflow. Its pathophysiology is linked to genetic and environmental factors, manifested by attacks of breathlessness.
In the United States, this disease leads to death approximately 5% of adults. Both admissions as deaths related to this disease has increased. In Brazil, within the SUS, asthma is the third leading cause of hospitalization, and in 2007 were registered 273,205 admissions for this disease in Brazil (2.41% of total admissions).
Lung Cancer Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and its incidence worldwide is increasing 2% every year. Mortality for this type of cancer is very high and the prognosis is related to the phase in which it is diagnosed.
The main risk factor for the onset of this neoplasm is smoking. Currently, the latter corresponds to 90% of cases of this tumor. It is most commonly seen in men than in women, yet the number of cases among women is increasing, while the number of cases is decreasing in men.
This neoplasm can also be caused by certain chemicals, such as arsenic, beryllium, asbestos, radon, nickel, chromium, cadmium and vinyl chloride, especially observed in the occupational environment. Other factors related to the appearance of this tumor are the dietary, genetic, history of COPD and lung cancer history in the family.
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