Sleeping sickness

Sleeping sickness or African trypanosomiasis is an often fatal disease caused by single-celled parasite Trypanosoma brucei. There are two forms: one in West Africa, including Angola and Guinea-Bissau, caused by the subspecies T. brucei gambiense, which assumes the chronic form, and another in East Africa, including Mozambique, caused by T. brucei rhodesiense, acutely. Both parasites are transmitted by the bite of the tsetse fly (genus Glossina flies that are its vector transmission)
Treatment
Diagnosis is usually by microscopic detection of parasites in blood or cerebrospinal fluid. Also used are inoculated into the blood of laboratory animals, if parasitemia is low, or the detection of their DNA by PCR.
In the acute phase, the treatment with pentamidine is effective against T. gambiense, and T. suramin against rhodesiense. However the resistance to these drugs is increasing. In brain phase, there may already be irreversible. It is necessary to use toxic melarsoprol, which kills the parasite unaided 1-10% of patients, or in the case of T. gambiense, eflornithine.
Sleeping sickness is considered "extremely neglected" by DNDI basically because it affects mainly the very poor, in poor areas also.
Prevention
The Glossina, unlike almost all other insects which sting humans, are more active days, then sleep with networks although desirable, not protect well as protects against malaria, which is nocturnal mosquitoes. You must wear clothes that cover most of the skin sprays and insect repellents. The use of electric lights that attract and kill flies is helpful. The destruction of the fly populations is effective for eradication of the disease.